covalent

covalent

covalent, ente [ kovalɑ̃, ɑ̃t ] adj.
• mil. XXe; de covalence
Sc. Relatif à la covalence. Liaison covalente, de covalence. « Les liaisons covalentes [...] sont dues à la mise en commun d'orbitales électroniques entre deux ou plusieurs atomes » (Monod).

covalent, covalente adjectif Relatif à la covalence.

covalent, ente
adj. CHIM Relatif à la covalence. Liaison covalente.

⇒COVALENT, ENTE, adj.
Qui concerne la covalence. Formule covalente. Enchaînements atomiques covalents (CHAMPETIER, Chim. macromol., 1957, p. 30).
Liaison covalente. Liaison covalente ou homopolaire dans laquelle les éléments mettent en commun leurs-électrons (CAILLÈRE, HÉNIN, Minér. argiles, 1963, p. 31). Les colorants réactifs sont une nouvelle classe de colorants qui se fixent sur les fibres naturelles (par ex. la cellulose) ou synthétiques, par une liaison covalente (FROMH.-KING 1968, p. 218).
Rem. Attesté ds Lar. encyclop. Suppl. 1968.
Étymol. et Hist. 1957 (CHAMPETIER, Chim. macromol., 1957, p. 25). Empr. à l'angl. de même sens covalent (1927 ds NED Suppl.2), formé sur covalence.

covalent, ente [kovalɑ̃, ɑ̃t; kɔvalɑ̃, ɑ̃t] adj.
ÉTYM. Mil. XXe (attesté 1957); de covalence.
Sc. Relatif à la covalence. || Liaison covalente.
0 (…) il y a lieu de distinguer deux classes :
a) les liaisons dites covalentes;
b) les liaisons non-covalentes.
Les liaisons covalentes (auxquelles on réserve souvent le nom de « liaison chimique » sensu stricto) sont dues à la mise en commun d'orbitales électroniques entre deux ou plusieurs atomes. Les liaisons non-covalentes sont dues à plusieurs autres types d'interactions (qui n'impliquent pas le partage d'orbitales électroniques).
Jacques Monod, le Hasard et la Nécessité, 1970, p. 76-77.

Encyclopédie Universelle. 2012.

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